高考英语第二轮复习之阅读理解精选15篇

　　A

　　One of the most successful singers of the twentieth century, Ella Fitzgerald has made several different styles her own. She was born in Virginia but was brought up in an orphanage in Yonkers, New York. Chick Webb spotted her in an amateur competition when she was sixteen. He engaged her to sing with his band and when he died in 1939, she took over.

　　Unlike Bessie Smith, Ella Fitzgerald taught herself the sentimental music so popular in the 1930’s------ songs like “My Heart Belongs to Daddy”----- and her recordings became best-sellers. During the 1940’s she developed her own “scat singing” ---- a breathless, nonsense---syllable style---- for songs like “Flying Home” and “Lady Be Good.”

　　Ella Fitzgerald was the perfect musical partner for her friend, the trumpeter Louis Armstrong, matching him in warmth and artistry. “I just like music, period,” she said. “To me, it’s a story. There’s only one thing better than singing…. It’s more singing.”

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　A. A comparison of Ella Fitzgerald and Bessie Smith.

　　B. The musical career of Ella Fitzgerald.

　　C. Ella Fitzgerald’s early childhood.

　　D. Ella Fitzgerald’s most recent recordings.

　　2. The underlined word “spotted” means______.

　　A. noticed   B. brought up   C. employed  D. recognized

　　3. What does the passage imply about Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong?

　　A. They were the founders of “scat singing”.

　　B. They played the same musical instruments.

　　C. They performed well together.

　　D. They were a married couple.

　　B

　　Families have always changed. For instance, once the family was the world. In other words, at one time everything a person did took place within the family. The family was a child’s only school. One worshiped only within the family. The rules set up by the family were the only laws one had to obey, and the family was the only means one had to settle a dispute. The family is still the “world’ in some cultures. But in many cultures, these former functions of the family have largely been taken over by other institutions, such as schools, churches, and governments.

　　In the past, families changed in other ways. Some scientists believe that when people obtained food by hunting animals and gathering roots and plants, the nuclear family was the rule. The family had to be small in order to move around and live off the land. When people settled in one place and began to farm to obtain food, they found that they needed more hands to do the work. The extended family developed in some cultures. Now in addition to their children, people lived together with their parents and even grandparents.

　　How are families changing today? The number of nuclear families seems to be increasing everywhere in the world. The number of extended families is declining. One reason for this seems to be that in many cultures today people are leaving farms and villages to find jobs in the city. Extended families are hard to maintain when people have to be free to move in order to find work.

　　4. In many cultures today, __________.

　　A. the family is the world

　　B. the family is not an institution.

　　C. the family does not have any functions.

　　D. the family has lost many of the functions it used to have.

　　5. The nuclear family was the rule because _________.

　　A. the family had to move around to find enough food.

　　B. people didn’t know many ways of hunting animals.

　　C. People needed many hands to do farming.

　　D. the extended family had not been invented yet.

　　6. The reason why many people are leaving farms to find jobs in the city is ________.

　　A. that there are more and more nuclear families in the world.

　　B. that extended families are hard to maintain.

　　C. that people do not like to settle down.

　　D. not stated in above article.

　　7. Which of the following is true?

　　A. Although the nuclear family developed before the extended family, the latter is gaining more and more popularity everywhere in the world.

　　B. the most important reason why people are leaving villages is that they do not enjoy living together with their parents or grandparents.

　　C. Different types of families have developed as different ways of life are accepted.

　　D. Families change because tides and fashions always change.

　　C

　　In 1957 a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenza-like cases. Influenza is sometimes called ‘flu’ or a ‘bad cold’. He took samples from the throats of patients and in his hospital was able to find the virus of this influenza.

　　There were three main types of the influenza virus. The most important of these are type A and B, each of them having several subgroups. With the instruments at the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was due to a virus in group A, but he did not know the subgroup. Then he reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization in Geneva. W.H.O. published the important news alongside reports of a similar outbreak in Hong Kong, where about 15-20% of the population had become ill.

　　As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, doctors began the standard tests. They found that by reproducing itself with very high speed, the virus had grown more than a million times within two days. Continuing their careful tests, the doctors checked the effect of drugs against all the known sungroups of virus type A. none of them gave any protection. This ,then, was something new, a new influenza virus, against which the people of the world had no help whatever.

　　Having found the virus they were working with, the two doctors now dropped it into the noses of some specially selected animals, which get influenza much as human beings do. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments proved that the new virus was easy to catch, but that it was not a killer. Scientists, like the general public, call it simply Asian flu.

　　The first discovery of the virus, however, was made in China before the disease had appeared in other countries. Various reports showed that the influenza outbreak started in China, probably in February of 1957. by the middle of March it had spread all over China. The virus was found by Chinese doctors early in March. But China is not a member of the World Health Organization and therefore does not report outbreaks of disease to it. Not until two months later, when travellers carried the virus into Hang Kong, from where it spread to Singapore, did the news of the outbreak reach the rest of the world. By this time it was well started on its way around the world.

　　Thereafter, W.H.O.’s Weekly Reports described the steady spread of this great virus outbreak, which within four months swept through every continent.

　　8. the doctor in Singapore performed a valuable service by ______.

　　A. finding the subgroup of the virus.

　　B. developing a cure.

　　C. keeping his patients apart from others.

　　D. reporting the outbreak to Geneva.

　　9. One interesting thing about the virus in the story was that it __.

　　A. was especially weak.

　　B. was similar to other viruses.

　　C. could reproduce with great speed.

　　D. had samples frozen and packed in dry ice.

　　10. The experiments in giving the virus to animals proved that this type of influenza was easy to catch __________.

　　A. but was not deadly.

　　B. and had rather mild effects.

　　C. and could possibly causes death.

　　D. and did not have the usual signs.

　　11. In order to keep track of a disease such as influenza, W.H.O. must have ________.

　　A. highly trained experts.

　　B. co-operation from every doctor.

　　C. good reporting services.

　　D. time to study the facts.

　　12. One thing necessary for discovering influenza outbreak is __.

　　A. doctors and hospital services.

　　B. drugs to fight the disease.

　　C. the United Nations.

　　D. sick Chinese.

　　D

　　It is true that as a social organization moves from the simple to the complex, so does the organization through which it educates its children. Growth and change are vital if education is to meet new needs and demands. In a very simple social order it may suffice(足够) to have the parents carry on the education of their children. However, as will be shown later in more detail, such a method may become entirely untenable(站不住脚的), and special individuals are entrusted(委交) with the task. These may be hired privately at first, but soon the social group---- the church, village, and the like----will be responsible for education. Eventually, special training is required for those who do the teaching, and an agency to control this training is needed. Thus the influence of local government unit, such as the town, township, and later the state or the province, becomes necessary. It was generally considered simpler to use as a unit the already existing local unit.

　　13. The closest restatement(重新叙述) of the first sentence is ___.

　　A. The more complex a social organization becomes, the more complex the educational system becomes.

　　B. The complexity of a social organization depends on the complexity of the educational system.

　　C. Social organizations are truly as complex as they need to be for educational purposes.

　　D. Our society must be complex if we want our education system to serve our children’s educational requirements.

　　14. The writer would probably argue for _______.

　　A. more parental influence in education.

　　B. an educational system which takes social complexity into account.

　　C. strict state control of education.

　　D. more special training for teachers.

　　15. The method which the author says might become entirely untenable is _____.

　　A. the method of social organization.

　　B. parental education of children.

　　C. a simple social order.

　　D. the entrustment of education to special individuals.

　　16. The author promises to explain _________.

　　A. the necessity of the local governmental unit.

　　B. why it is easier to use the government to control education.

　　C. the responsibility of the social group.

　　D. why parents should not teach their children.

　　E

　　Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-literate”. But not all experts agree that this is a good idea.

　　One pioneer in particular, who disagrees in David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to people and make them “people-literate”.

　　David Tebbett thinks Computertowns are most successful when tied to a computer club but he insists there is an important difference between the two. The clubs are for people who have some computer knowledge already. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers for them to experiment on, with experts to encourage them and answer any questions they have. They are not told what to do, they find out. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers but have to be able to tell people questions people ask. People don’t have to learn computer terms(术语), but the experts are becoming “people-literate”.

　　17. Which of the following is David Tebbutt’s idea on the relationship between people and computers?

　　A. Computer learning should be made easier.

　　B. There should be more computer clubs for experts.

　　C. People should work harder to master computer use.

　　D. Computers should be made cheaper so that people can afford them.

　　18. We can infer from the text that “computer-literate” means ________.

　　A. being able to afford a computer.

　　B. being able to write computer programs.

　　C. working with the computer and finding out its value.

　　D. understanding the computer and knowing how to use it.

　　19. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to the idea that Computertowns __________.

　　A. help to set up more computer clubs.

　　B. bring people to learn to use computers.

　　C. bring more experts to work together.

　　D. help to sell computers to the public.

　　20. David Tebbett started Computertown UK with the purpose of ________.

　　A. making better use of computer experts.

　　B. increasing computer programs.

　　C. increasing computer sales.

　　D. popularising computers.

　　F

　　Cats are creatures of habit. They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time. They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps（打盹）. Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit. Cat naps help to build up energy in the body. They are also a good way to get rid of trouble! Since cats have the same moods（情绪）as humans, some experts believe that people can improve their moods. People might become happier.

　　A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day. The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps. So did Presidents Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson. These famous men were known for their energy. They were also able to work long hours, often into the night. Napping was their secret.

　　21．From this selection we know that cats ________.

　　A. do not have regular sleep

　　B. have occasional sleep as well as naps every day

　　C. take naps to add to their regular sleep

　　D. take naps when they are not happy

　　22．Taking cat naps ________.

　　A. will make a person lazy and tired

　　B. is a bad habit

　　C. will make people feel better

　　D. can help people to become famous

　　23．Which of the following statements is NOT true? ________.

　　A. People should take their naps secretly

　　B. Cats have the same moods as people

　　C. Some famous people take cat naps

　　D. Some people have full energy after they take cat naps

　　24．Naps usually last ________.

　　A. three hours               B. less than half an hour

　　C. forty-five minutes          D. fifty-five minutes

　　25．This selection was probably written to ________.

　　A. show how lazy cats are

　　B. talk about the habits of cats

　　C. tell about famous people and their habits

　　D. persuade people to take naps

　　G

　　There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers （梦游者）. Persons have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, write music, walk through windows, and do murder in their sleep.

　　In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen searched for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had got there.

　　At the University of Iowa, a student was reported to have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night and walking three quarters of a mile to the Iowa River. He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.

　　An expert on sleep in America claims（声称）that he has never seen a sleepwalker. He is said to know more about sleep than any other man alive, and during the last thirty-five years he has lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. He says, “Of course, I know that there are sleepwalkers because I have read about them in the newspapers. But none of my sleepers ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, I doubt whether I could get many takers. ”

　　Sleepwalking, however, is a scientific reality. It is one of those strange things that sometimes look quite like the fantastic（怪诞的）. Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more common than is generally supposed. Many sleepwalkers do not try to find help and are never recorded.

　　26．Generally speaking, sleepwalkers are the ones that ________.

　　A. can climb on roofs

　　B. can walk through windows

　　C. can do fantastic things during their sleep

　　D. can walk in a half-awake state

　　27．It was reported that a boy ________.

　　A. was found on a strange sofa, telling how he had got there

　　B. slept in his own room but woke up in a strange room

　　C. lost his way five hours after he left home

　　D. was searched for by policemen for he lost his way

　　28．The passage mentions a college student who got into the habit of ________.

　　A. getting up in the middle of the night and walking out

　　B. walking three quarters of a mile every day

　　C. swimming in the Iowa River before going to bed

　　D. walking about before he went to bed

　　29．An American expert knows more about sleep than any other man alive, ________.

　　A. because he can get many takers for his experiment

　　B. because he has had trouble with sleep for 30 years

　　C. but he says he has never seen sleepers walk

　　D. but he has nobody to sleep together with him

　　30．People think sleepwalking is nothing but one of the fantastic things without any explanation. Why?

　　A. It is so common that it needn’t be recorded.

　　B. Scientists take no interest in it.

　　C. Doctors don’t want to care about it.

　　D. No records about it have been made.

　　H

　　Some people are lucky enough to be born with a good sense of direction and even if they have only visited a place once, they will be able to find it again years later.

　　I am one of those unfortunate people who have poor sense of direction and I may have visited a place time after time but I still get lost on my way there. When I was young I was so shy that I never dared ask complete strangers the way and so I used to wander round in circles and hope that by some chance I would get to the spot I was heading for.

　　I am no longer too shy to ask people for direction, but I often receive replies that puzzle me. Often people do not like to admit that they didn’t know their hometown and will insist on telling you the way, even if they do not know it; others, who are anxious to prove that they know their hometown very well, will give you a long list of directions which you can not possibly hope to remember, and still others do not seem to be able to tell between their left and their right and you find in the end that you are going in the opposite direction to that in which you should be going.

　　If anyone ever asks me the way to somewhere, I always tell them I am a stranger to the town in order to avoid giving them wrong direction but even this can have embarrassing results.

　　Once I was on my way to work when I was stopped by a man who asked me if I would direct him the way to the Sunlight Building. I gave my usual reply, but I had not walked on a few steps when I realized that he had asked for directions to my office building. However, at this point, I decide it was too late to turn back and search for him out of the crowd behind me as I was going to meet with someone at the office and I did not want to keep him waiting.

　　Imagine my embarrassment when my secretary showed in the very man who had asked for directions of my office and his astonishment when he recognized me as the person he had asked.

　　31. What is the writer going to do when someone asks him for direction?

　　A. He will direct the right way to the person willingly.

　　B. He will reply to it by the means of being a stranger to the town.

　　C. He will give the very person long list of direction.

　　D. He is going to show the man an opposite direction.

　　32. Why did the writer consider himself to be an unlucky dog?

　　A. Because of his poor sense of direction.

　　B. Because he always forget the way to home.

　　C. Because he did not have any friend.

　　D. Because he used to be shy and dared not ask others the way.

　　33. How did the visitor feel when he was showed into the very room?

　　A. He felt strange.         B. He felt embarrassed.

　　C. He felt very sad.        D. He felt astonished.

　　34. Who showed the right way to the interviewee according to the passage?

　　A. Someone we don’t know.

　　B. The writer did it for himself.

　　C. The secretary did so.

　　D. A warm-hearted old lady did such a thing.

　　I

　　I fell in love with England because it was quaint (古雅)—all those little houses, looking terri?bly old-fashioned but nice, like dolls’ houses. I loved the countryside and the pubs, and I loved London. I’ve slightly changed my mind after seventeen years because I think it’s an ugly town now.

　　Things have changed. For everybody, England meant gentlemen, fair play, and good man?ners. The fair play is going, unfortunately, and so are the gentlemanly attitudes and good man?ners—people shut doors heavily in your face and politeness is disappearing.

　　I regret that there are so few comfortable meeting places. You’re forced to live indoors. In Paris I go out much more, to restaurants and nightclubs. To meet friends here it usually has to be in a pub, and it can be difficult to go there alone as a woman. The cafes are not terribly nice.

　　As a woman, I feel unsafe here. I spend a bomb on taxis because I will not take public trans?port after 10 p. m. I used to use it, but now I’m afraid.

　　The idea of family seems to be more or less non-existent in England. My family is well united and that’s typically French. In Middlesex I had a neighbor who is 82 now. His family only lived two miles away, but I took him to France for Christmas once because he was always alone.

　　35. The writer doesn’t like London because she ______.

　　A. is not used to the life there now

　　B. has lived there for seventeen years

　　C. prefers to live in an old-fashioned house

　　D. has to be polite to everyone she meets there

　　36. Where do people usually meet their friends in England?

　　A. In a cafe.            B. In a restaurant.

　　C. In a nightclub.       D. In a pub.

　　37. The underlined part “it” (in Para. 4) refers to______.

　　A. a taxi         B. the money

　　C. a bomb           D. public transport

　　38. The writer took her neighbor to France for Christmas because he __.

　　A. felt lonely in England B. had never been to France

　　C. was from a typical French family

　　D. didn't like the British idea of family

　　J

　　Almost everyone likes to eat apples. Apples grow in nearly every part of the world. The United States produces more apples than any other country except France. The states of Washington and New York grow the most apples. New York is on the east coast and Washington is on the west near Canada,

　　Apples are red, yellow or green. They are very popular in the United States. Many people like to carry apples to work or to school to eat with their lunches. Most American people are often too busy or too tired to cook dinner, so they often have their dinners very simply. Apple juice is also a popular drink and apple pie is the favorite dessert for many Americans.

　　The state of Washington is proud of its apples. The trees there produce nearly five billion apples every year—one apple for every man, woman and child in the whole world.

　　39．What can we know from the underlined sentence?

　　A. American apples taste good.

　　B. We can see apples everywhere in America.

　　C. Americans like to eat apples.

　　D. Americans regard apples as their best food.

　　40．From this passage, we all know ________.

　　A. France produces the most apples in the world

　　B. there are more apples in America than in France

　　C. the apples in France are better than those in America

　　D. apple trees are easy to grow in New York

　　K

　　Healthy food is a general term (术语) applied to all kinds of food that is considered healthier than the types of food sold in supermarkets. For example, whole grains, dried beans, and corn oil are health food. A narrower classification (分类) of healthy food is natural food. This term is used to distinguish (区分) between types of the same food. Raw honey is a natural sweetener, while refined (提炼的) sugar is not. Fresh fruit is a natural food, but canned fruit, with sugars and other additives (添加剂), is not. The most exact term of all and the narrowest classification within health food that has been grown on a particular kind of farm. Fruits and vegetable that are grown in gardens, that are treated only with organic fertilizers, that are not sprayed with poisonous insecticides (杀虫剂), and that are not refined after harvest, are organic food. Meat, fish, dairy and poultry products from animals that are fed only on organically-grown food and that are not injected with hormones (激素) are organic food.

　　In choosing the type of food you eat, then, you have basically two choices: inorganic, processed (加工) food, or organic, unprocessed food. A wise decision should include study of the reason why processed food contains chemicals, some of which are proved to be poisonous and that vitamin content is greatly reduced in processed food.

　　Bread is typically used by healthy food supporters as an example of a processed food. First, the seeds from which the grain is grown are treated with a chemical that is extremely harmful. Later, the grain is sprayed with a number of very deadly insecticides. After the grain has been made into flour, it is made white with another chemical that is also poisonous. Next, a dough conditioner is added along with a softener. The conditioner and softener are poisonous, and in fact, the softener has sickened and killed experimental animals.

　　A very poisonous antifungal compound, is added to keep the bread from getting moldy (发霉的).

　　Other food from the supermarket would show a similar pattern of processing and preserving (保存). You see, we buy our food on the basis of smell, color and texture, instead of vitamin content, and manufacturers give us what we want, even if it is poisonous. The alternative? Eat health foods, preferably the organic variety.

　　41. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. Healthy food.                    B. The processing of bread.

　　C. Processed food.                  D. Poisonous.

　　42. What do all of the additives in bread have in common?

　　A. They are all used to keep the bread from getting moldy.

　　B. They are all poisonous.

　　C. They are all organic.

　　D. They all have all killed laboratory animals.

　　43. What happens to food when it is processed?

　　A. The basic content remains the same.

　　B. Vitamin is not available after processing.

　　C. The vitamin content increases a bit.

　　D. The vitamin content is greatly reduced.

　　44. We normally buy food on the basis        .

　　A. organic variety                  B. beauty

　　C. refined contents                 D. color and texture

　　L

　　A branch of computer science called artificial intelligence (人工智能) uses programs by using human knowledge and experience. Artificial intelligence systems are also called expert systems, which enable computers programmed with great amounts of information to “think” about many possibilities such as diseases that certain symptoms (症状) could indicate and make a decision for the treatment.

　　Computers are used in teaching as well. Programs that perform computer-aided instruction (CAI计算机辅助教学) are designed to help students at all levels, from elementary school to the university level. The student sits at a computer terminal (终端). The terminal’s screen displays a question for the student to answer. If the answer is wrong or incomplete, the computer may ask the student to try again. It then may supply the correct answer and an explanation. CAI is also used in some adult education programs and as part of the employee-training programs of some business companies.

　　One of the most important uses of computers is to communicate information over long distances. They can send information to each other over telephone lines. As a result, computers keep banks, newspapers, and other institutes supplied with up-to-the-minute information. A computer networks allow people to communicate by using electronic mail—a document typed into one computer and “sent” to another. Such documents generally travel in only a few minutes, even if they are being sent over a long distance.

　　The computer’s ability to share information with computers over a network linked by telephone lines is a major revolution on telecommunications (电信). The Internet, an international network of computer networks, has spread out since the early 1990’s. The Internet began as a US network of scientific and military computers in the 1990’s. Now it is an international system for sending and receiving electronic mail, software, and electronic document and picture files all over the world. The Internet has already cut the cost of long-distance communications for many people. In the future it will completely change the way people work. With the Internet, increasing numbers of people can work at home instead of in their office.

　　Computers and their programs are the most complex devices in human history, and probably the most useful. Modern industrial societies now depend on them. As computer education more powerful and widespread, computer education must continue to increase also.

　　45. From the first paragraph we can get to know that        .

　　A. artificial intelligence system are beyond scientists’ control

　　B. artificial intelligence systems will take the place of doctors

　　C. artificial intelligence systems will take the place of scientists

　　D. artificial intelligence systems are under scientists’ control

　　46. If you use e-mail to communicate with your friends, you can        .

　　A. talk with your friends freely

　　B. exchange information without paper

　　C. talk with your friends face to face

　　D. exchange information without computers

　　47. The phrase “up-to-the-minute” in the third paragraph means “       .”

　　A. shortest       B. latest         C. longest        D. easiest

　　48. What would be the best title for this text        ?

　　A. Computers are Danger             B. Computers are Cleverer

　　C. Computers are Useful             D. Computers are Interesting

　　M

　　Do you have a phobia? No, it is not an infectious disease, but it can make you quite as bad. A phobia is an unreasonable fear of some particular thing or situation.

　　Did you know that some people fear heights? That is called acrophobia. Many people experience claustrophobia when they are in a closed space such as a small room or a lift. Zoophobia is a fear of animals. A fear of dirt is called mysophobia. There are names for fear of thunder, lightning, wide open spaces, people, crowds, darkness, water, and many other things.

　　A phobia expert tells us that in the coming of a phobia situation a person has what is called an “anxiety attack”. Blood rushes to his larger muscles in preparation for flight or fight.

　　One expert on phobias suggests we race our fears gradually. A person who is afraid of people could overcome this fear by getting accustomed to them one at a time. Someone who is afraid of water could take swimming lessons in the relative safety of a pool with lifeguard at hand. A person afraid of heights could practice looking down from middle heights first until he could handle the greater ones.

　　49. A person who is afraid of cats is most likely to have         .

　　A. mysophobia     B. acrophobia     C. zoophobia      D. claustrophobia

　　50. A good way to overcome one’s unreasonable fear of something would be       .

　　A. trying to avoid it               B. preparing for flight of fight

　　C. getting rid of the anxiety       D. trying to get used to it

　　51. A man in the appearance of phobic situation        .

　　A. is called an anxiety attack      B. has blood rush to his legs

　　C. has the feeling of flight        D. fears some particular thing

　　52 The writer of the text tells us that        .

　　A. when some phobia breaks out in someone, he will feel too anxious about something

　　B. a person who fears people can run a race with others

　　C. a man afraid of heights can climb to a great building easily

　　D. everyone dares to take a lift where there is not a lifeguard

　　N

　　American doctors say that mothers who smoke cigarettes before their babies are born may slow the growth of their babies’ lungs. They say reduced lung growth could cause the babies to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life. Doctors in Boston, Massachusetts studied 1,100 children. The mothers of some of the children smoked, the other mothers did not. Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke, and that the children whose mother smoked developed 20% more cold and breathing diseases than other children later in life.

　　Another recent study found that children had a greater chance of developing lung cancer if their mothers smoked.

　　The study also showed that the danger of lung cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters, and that the father’s smoking did not affect a child’s chance of developing lung cancer.

　　53. Mother who smokes before her child is born may        .

　　A. slow the growth of her baby’s lung

　　B. cause her baby to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life

　　C. make her child develop lung cancer   D. all of the above are right

　　54. Doctors in Boston studied 1,100 children to        .

　　A. examine whether these children were healthy

　　B. find out whether their mothers had smoked

　　C. find why these children suffered breathing problems and lung disease

　　D. look into the effect that mother’s smoking had on their children

　　55. Suppose John’s father was a heavy smoker, so was Mary’s mother. According to passage,        .

　　A. John is more likely to develop lung cancer

　　B. Mary is more likely to develop lung cancer

　　C. John and Mary have the same chance to develop cancer

　　D. neither John nor Mary has the chance to develop cancer

　　56. This passage is to        .

　　A. warn us of the danger of smoking before children

　　B. warn people with breathing problems not to smoke

　　C. warn us that mothers who smoke may affect their children’s health

　　D. warn us that fathers who smoke may affect their children as mothers

　　O

　　Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.

　　The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.

　　The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables (音节), they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check these in a dictionary.

　　57. The writer tends to think that        .

　　A. choose a good dictionary, and you’ll be successful in learning English

　　B. dictionaries are not necessary to the students who learn English

　　C. it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly

　　D. using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing

　　58. According to the passage, which of the following is wrong?

　　A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English.

　　B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries.

　　C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious defects (缺陷).

　　D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries.

　　59 This passage mainly tells us        .

　　A. that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries

　　B. what were the defects of small two-language dictionaries

　　C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries

　　D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it

　　60. Which is not mentioned in this passage?

　　A. How to make good use of a dictionary.

　　B. When to use a dictionary.

　　C. How to improve spoken English.

　　D. How to practise reading fast.

　　答案1-5BACDA 6-10 DCDCA 11-15 CAABD 16-20 CADBD 21-25 CCABD 26-30 CBACD 31-35 BADAA 36-40 DDACA 41-45 ABDDD 46-50 BBCCD 51-55 CDADD 56-60 CCBDC